DISTANCE LEARNING TRENDS: TECHNIQUES AND TECHNOLOGIES

УДК 1751 Aripbay Akmaral Alimkyzy 1st year master student, philological faculty Eurasian National University, Kazakhstan, Nur-Sultan e-mail: akma.29.22@mail.ru Scientific adviser: Kozhakanova Madina Tuleubekovna Associate Professor of the Department of Theory and Practice of Foreign Languages Eurasian National University, Kazakhstan, Nur-Sultan DISTANCE LEARNING TRENDS: TECHNIQUES AND TECHNOLOGIES Abstract. The development of new technologies driven to the starting of essential changes, including within the circle of instruction. The normal ways of communication have experienced tremendous changes with the approach of the web as a channel of communication and at the same time an information asset. The creators of the logical article have analyzed a few of the foremost relevant areas. The utilize of web technologies to progress communication proficiency is one of the most patterns in distance learning. The advancement of the corporate framework of electronic and separate learning is becoming portion of the by and large techniques of organizations within the field of staff preparing. This article provides suggestions for the improvement and upkeep to remove learning frameworks. They consider what qualities and competencies the designers of the framework ought to have, and what exactly it ought to incorporate. Creators paid extraordinary consideration to cut edge universal benchmarks, created by international organizations, which ought to be utilized within the arrangement of separate learning frameworks. The advantages and drawbacks of the remove learning frame for buyers, engineers, suppliers, training handle organizers and other interested people are displayed. To date, remove learning systems are exceptionally complex complexes that coordinated a huge number of members (developers, teachers, learners, interested people), items (courses, frameworks of their improvement and management of preparing) and forms (organizational, specialized, learning forms). Keywords: distance learning; the inspiration of instructive action; professional development; expanding the adequacy of preparing programs; distance learning system development; distance learning system; control system; system education; modern technology; distance learning formats; training effectiveness; effective communications. Modern communications are unthinkable without the use of technical means. The Internet not only removes all the limitations inherent in traditional forms of communication, but also makes communications brighter, more interactive and effective. The most progressive areas in this area are web technologies, which open up the broadest opportunities for business communication and distance learning. The efficiency and availability of the transmitted information during remote interaction have always been significantly inferior to the possibilities of personal communication, therefore in the old days and even now all important issues are resolved only during personal meetings. However, modern technologies bring the interaction of people with each other to a higher, interactive, multimedia level, while preserving almost all aspects of personal communication. Web technologies allow people from all over the world to see and hear the interlocutor, to interact with each other in real time. For the business and educational environment, these opportunities become an essential factor in efficiency and success. New web services and online collaboration tools are emerging to meet the ever- growing needs of an organization. Modern companies are interested not only in innovative technologies, but also in qualitatively new formats of interaction that increase the efficiency of communications. With the help of improved technologies, business problems are solved in new, more convenient ways. Remote human interaction goes beyond boilerplate and requires vendors to be flexible, flexible, adaptable and integrable. Features such as live video streaming, audio and file streaming, event recording, and mobile access are equally important to the full interaction of people. There are no identical organizations in the world with identical tasks. Unique specialized solutions allow you to obtain key competitive advantages and maintain a leading position in the market. Technology is reaching a level where systems are able to adapt to people. Remote communication based on web technologies is becoming an urgent need and should be available to everyone and always: within any business process, using various electronic devices and in any format. The expanded possibilities of such communication for solving certain problems (presentations, consultations, sales, meetings, training, etc.) make it effective in many cases. E-learning and distance learning are increasingly included in the practice of professional training of personnel. New requirements for the quality of training of specialists and managers have appeared. Today, professional skills such as:  ability to quickly adapt to changing market conditions;  the ability to navigate the business processes occurring in the organization;  the ability to cooperate with other people, sometimes geographically dispersed, including using the latest telecommunication means;  ability to think critically and make independent decisions [1]. Development and maintenance of a distance learning system In the modern world, the pace of human life is constantly increasing. The ability to learn throughout life is becoming a key competence of professionals in a wide variety of fields. This is the quality without which it is impossible to be successful, to meet the constantly changing requirements of the time. Many technologies become outdated, barely having time to be introduced into human activity. In such a situation, only those who are able to constantly learn are effective. The key to success is continuous learning. The desire for education can be due to both external reasons (career growth, job change, technology obsolescence, etc.) and internal (including the desire to be a high-class professional, the need for novelty, etc.). It is worth mentioning the main competencies that a developer and leader of online courses must possess: 1. First of all, you need to be well versed in the topic that you teach to others, and constantly update information on it. 2. It is equally important to be able to convey information to listeners (learners), and help them achieve results. Knowledge of general psychology and especially andragogy (when teaching adults) or pedagogy (when teaching children) will help in the implementation of this task. 3. At least minimal technical skills are important (from the ability to work with office applications to working with platforms for webinars and payment systems). 4. Knowledge of foreign languages will be a big plus, this helps to expand the base of sources of information on the topic of training, communicate with foreign colleagues, and also easier to cope with online services [2]. When preparing a new webinar or course, it is necessary to carefully study the material on the main topic, in particular, to check the availability of new theories and technologies, which is especially important for the IT sphere, in which data becomes outdated very quickly. For the successful implementation of this step, the developer of online courses needs: deep knowledge of the subject, skills of effective work with information (speed reading, note-taking, information analysis, developed memory and attention), as well as the ability to competently and easily present material in oral and/or in writing form. In whatever conditions the decision to introduce a distance learning system is considered, there are several reasons that must be taken into account in the first place: reducing costs, increasing the effectiveness of training. Cost reduction is by no means always the main reason, but this particular criterion is the most obvious and easy to calculate, so it is more profitable to start protecting a project with it. You can save money, especially on repetitive courses. The development of a course for a distance learning system requires on average 1.5-2 times more time than creating a full-time training program. Savings are achieved due to the absence of costs for the activities: the cost of the teacher, the use of classrooms, and the provision of the learning process. The period of the relevance of the training program in the areas of advanced training and professional retraining in the distance learning system should be sufficient in order to conduct the number of classes that is necessary to cover the costs of developing the course [3]. Here is an example of calculating savings from developing a distance learning course. If the average size of a full-time study group is 20 people, and the duration is 4 hours, then by attracting 120 people to the distance learning course, you can save 24 hours of the teacher's working time and the same number of hours of using the classroom. By translating some of the courses into the distance-learning format, there is a reduction in operating costs associated with providing training with the necessary materials, such as paper for flipcharts, felt-tip pens, stickers, paper for workbooks and teaching materials. In addition, the load on the training equipment is reduced, and the risk of its failure is reduced accordingly. Savings are also possible when carrying out assessment activities. In the distance learning system, they are automated and do not require the involvement of specialists to test knowledge on the passed training program; costs are required only at the development stage. Each person assimilates information at their own pace, and different people require different conditions for this. The distance learning system allows you to take these features into account. The participant can study the proposed program in parts, re-address difficult moments, can study at a convenient time for him. A very important point is the ability to repeat the topic covered. The distance learning system allows an employee to turn to a particular topic at any time, solving a specific problem or understanding a specific situation. To provide such an opportunity, it is necessary to make a convenient navigation system for the catalogue of distance learning programs. It is best to implement this catalogue in the form of a graphical flowchart (map), linking it with the main tasks of the organization or department. There can be several such block diagrams (maps), one for each group of employees. Graphic elements should have a structure, allow the employee to instantly navigate the proposed advanced training and professional retraining programs, find the information necessary to complete the task. With this information and receiving reports on user calls to distance learning programs, you can regularly receive information about which topics are of the most interest to employees and take this into account when planning training. In addition, the reports allow you to evaluate the effectiveness of the training of each employee. To build such a report, you will need at least several parameters — activity and efficiency. Activity, in this case, is the percentage of completion of the assigned training programs, this parameter characterizes the employee's motivation for self- development and, indirectly, loyalty to the organization. Performance is the percentage of correctly completed tests and tasks. An employee's learnability is calculated as the ratio of learning outcomes to time spent. If the activity can be controlled, then learnability must be taken into account when developing training programs. E-learning is failing to meet the needs of learners. In their work, marketers use the theory of consumer generations, it effectively works not only to assess consumer demand but also to determine the desire of people to learn, which is confirmed by observations of learners in electronic courses. Now 90% of the content is images and text. Most teachers have the ability to create and work with presentations of lecture materials. However, time does not stand still, users are becoming more and more demanding, just looking at pictures and reading texts is no longer so interesting for them. Now we have started to shoot a training video and introduce it into the distance learning system. Also, systems for the development of electronic courses have become more accessible, allowing you to interact with different elements: click on them, move them, etc. At present, we can say that this is already a trend. In the near future, virtual reality helmets are waiting for us. These are devices worn on the head, due to which a person is able to completely immerse himself in the virtual world and get all sensations, except for tactile ones. This is a breakthrough that could have a major impact on e- learning in particular and distance learning in general. For example, if earlier to simulate a flight simulator you had to create a complex system of monitors, panels, buttons and levers, now it all comes down to roughly imitating buttons and levers, the rest will be modeled by a virtual reality helmet [4]. The use of a distance learning system for corporate training in modern conditions is justified by the following positive factors: saving costs for personnel training, availability of the Internet and Internet technologies; opportunities for a wide coverage of regions. Of course, it is necessary to take into account the influence of organizational and technological solutions that increase the effectiveness of the use of Internet technologies in corporate training. In this case, it is recommended to use complex multimedia solutions when creating educational content, to take into account the main factors affecting the success of the distance learning system (technological efficiency, the preparedness of the trainer and students for interactive classes; When planning distance learning, it is necessary to be guided by the principles of conducting the educational process in a virtual model. These principles include the following:  originality and clarity of materials;  crushing educational material for better assimilation;  stimulating the assimilation of the material due to cyclically, that is, alternating the introduction of new information (online training) with its development in practice (self-education);  using a variety of teaching methods (lecture, seminar, demonstration, discussion, exchange of experience, tests in practice);  interactivity (feedback from participants). At the same time, it should be noted that the use of distance learning is limited. Distance learning has proven itself in product seminars, but blended training is required to consolidate skills and personal growth [5]. There is no denying the benefits and opportunities offered by e-learning today. Without the opportunity to receive a traditional education, anyone can acquire additional knowledge, improve their qualifications or undergo retraining using the opportunities of distance learning. Despite the huge shifts in distance learning in recent years, it is too early to say that it has become a full-fledged part of personnel development. Technology is not keeping up with needs. Not enough money is invested in the development of e-learning. There are also positive trends - technologies are getting cheaper, new inexpensive development methods appear. Organizations, including educational ones, are beginning to actively use blended learning, in fact, ensuring that the weaknesses of one technology are levelled out by the strengths of another, as a result of which the most effective product appears. The active use of Internet technologies in education makes it possible to effectively use modern means for organizing corporate training all over the world. Distance learning is not only widespread in the university environment but is also actively used to train personnel of enterprises and organizations in different regions. In the context of on-the-job training of managers, a high subject qualification of the teacher himself is required (practical recommendations and personal experience in applying knowledge, adjusted for the regional affiliation of the participants). Visualization of the material requires, first of all, a thorough, detailed and competent display on slides of all aspects and details of the subject under consideration (product, technology, process), but this alone is not enough. It is necessary to introduce an element of novelty: the more routinely the teacher reveals the topic and communicates about the subject, the less the attention of the students and the assimilation of the material. And, conversely, the more practical examples based on their own original experience the teacher gives, the higher the level of attention of the remote audience and, accordingly, the better the material is assimilated. References: 1. Kulikova E.N. Combined model of electronic courses and reporting systems for training // Open education. 2006. No. 4. 2. Kulikova E.N. Theory and practice of developing electronic courses in the corporate university // Sat. Proceedings of the XIII All-Russian Scientific and Methodological Conference "Telematics 2006". SPb., 2006. Vol. 2. Pp. 320- 322. 3. Moreno R. Studying natural science subjects in virtual multimedia reality: the role of methods and means // Innovations in education. 2005. No. 4. Pp. 153-154. 4. Khakhmovich AI Target approach to corporate training of sales personnel of a dealer network of a medium-sized industrial enterprise // Personal sales. 2011. No. 3. Pp. 186-201. 5. ISO 10015: 1999. Quality management. Guidelines for training. Арипбай Акмарал Алимкызы студентка 1 курса магистратуры, филологический факультет Евразийский национальный университет, Казахстан, г. Нур-Султан Научный руководитель: Кожаканова Мадина Тулеубековна PhD доцент кафедры теории и практики иностранных языков Евразийский национальный университет, Казахстан, г. Нур-Султан ТЕНДЕНЦИИ ДИСТАНЦИОННОГО ОБУЧЕНИЯ: МЕТОДЫ И ТЕХНОЛОГИИ Аннотация. Развитие новых технологий привело к началу существенных изменений, в том числе и в рамках обучения. Обычные способы коммуникации претерпели огромные изменения с подходом к сети как к каналу коммуникации и в то же время как к информационному активу. Создатели логической статьи проанализировали несколько наиболее актуальных областей. Использование веб- технологий для повышения коммуникативных навыков - одна из самых распространенных моделей дистанционного обучения. Развитие корпоративной структуры электронного и раздельного обучения становится частью в целом методов организаций в области подготовки персонала. В этой статье представлены предложения по улучшению и содержанию для удаления структур обучения. Они рассматривают, какими качествами и компетенциями должны обладать разработчики фреймворка и что именно он должен включать. Создатели уделили особое внимание передовым универсальным тестам, созданным международными организациями, которые следует использовать в рамках отдельных структур обучения. Показаны преимущества и недостатки съемной обучающей рамки для покупателей, инженеров, поставщиков, организаторов обучающих ручек и других заинтересованных лиц. На сегодняшний день удаленные системы обучения представляют собой исключительно сложные комплексы, координирующие огромное количество участников (разработчиков, учителей, учащихся, заинтересованных лиц), пунктов (курсы, рамки их усовершенствования и управления подготовкой) и форм (организационные, специализированные, формы обучения). Ключевые слова: дистанционное обучение; вдохновение поучительного действия; профессиональное развитие; повышение адекватности подготовки программ; развитие системы дистанционного обучения; система дистанционного обучения; система контроля; системное образование; современные технологии; форматы дистанционного обучения; эффективность обучения; эффективные коммуникации.